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We all have seen or know people who have abnormalities in their jaw, mouth and face. For example, their lower jaw is further back or forward than normal, or they have a smaller chin than other people, or other cases. People who suffer from these problems are more bothered and suffer from discomforts such as unusual problems while speaking, breathing problems, biting while chewing, chronic pains, breakage and excessive wear of teeth, etc. These inconsistencies, due to the usual description of aesthetics in today’s society, lower the self-confidence of these people. But these problems can be solved and corrected. For example, regarding the beauty of people whose upper jaw has not grown sufficiently and to the right size, there is a possibility that their nose is very big compared to their face. Moving the upper jaw forward corrects the problems that exist, and the face moved forward makes the features of the face more expressive and noticeable. Even if the chin is small or backward, in such cases, jaw surgery to move the lower part of the chin forward gives a lot of balance to the person’s profile and makes the nose slightly smaller and the chin more prominent.
In this article, we are going to talk about jaw surgery with the help of Dr.Shohreh Ghasemi, a specialist and jaw, mouth and face surgeon, and also deal with the issues surrounding it, so stay with us and don’t deprive us of your beautiful eyes.
Jaw, mouth and face surgery is a specialty that focuses on facial trauma surgery, oral cavity, jaw, head and neck, facial beauty and facial reconstructive surgery.
Of course, it is worth mentioning that this type of surgery is considered a dental specialty, and surgeons first diagnose and then treat a huge range of diseases, defects, as well as injuries to the head, jaws, soft and hard tissues of the mouth and face, as well as aesthetic defects in these areas. They have seen the necessary courses and training.
It is good to know that jaw surgery is mostly a team work that is done with the cooperation of two orthodontists as well as a jaw, mouth and face surgeon. Orthodontist and maxillofacial surgeon, both of these fields are dental specialties because teeth play a very important and key role in surgery and surgeons must be very careful about them.
The first step to recognize the necessity of maxillofacial surgery is that a specialist doctor must distinguish an unhealthy and abnormal jaw from a normal and normal jaw. If a person’s jaw is not healthy, it means that the person’s breathing and speech, as well as chewing functions, have problems. Maxillofacial surgery is considered the best treatment option for that person.
The cases whose presence in the patient can convince the specialist doctor to perform maxillofacial surgery are:
• Having a deviation in the lower jaw
• Existence of deviation in the upper jaw
• Mandible being forward
• Absence of chin
• The back of the lower jaw compared to the upper jaw
• The upper jaw is extremely tight
• Abnormal breathing of the patient through the mouth
• Visibility of a large amount of gum when the person speaks
• Having a tumor in the patient’s jaw
• The person has chronic pains in the joints and jaws
• Open bite (that is, when the upper and lower teeth are placed together, there is an empty space between them)
• The person has difficulty in chewing and swallowing food
But the question arises here, what factors cause such situations in some people? Dr. Shahreh Ghasemi, a specialist in jaw, mouth, face and skull surgery, says that in response to this question, it can be said that complications caused by trauma to the jaw and face and congenital syndromes as well as genetic factors are the most important reasons for such abnormalities. It is in the face and jaw. People who have problems with their face and jaw due to various reasons such as an accident or illness, or who want to perform cosmetic surgery on their face is not bad in order to obtain a favorable and ideal result. Also refer to experience.
Basically, people who go to a maxillofacial surgeon may only do so for the purpose of beautification or treatment, or both. It is not bad to know that jaw surgery is also considered a cosmetic surgery. This surgery improves the appearance of the person’s face by correcting the irregularity of the jawbones.
Retardation of the lower jaw compared to the upper jaw: the bone located in the lower part of the jaw is separated from the base and corrected by the maxillofacial surgeon. After that, the part of the lower jaw on which the teeth are located, as well as the part of the chin, is moved forward by the surgeon and specialist.
Retardation of the upper jaw compared to the lower jaw: the bone located at the back of the jaw is separated and corrected by the surgeon from its front part. Mandibular surgery allows the surgeon to move the part of the lower jaw where the teeth are located backwards so that the lower jaw is aligned with the upper jaw.
Open Bite: First, a part of the upper jaw bone where the teeth are located is removed by the maxillofacial surgeon. After that, the upper jaw is fixed firmly in place using screws and special plates.
Dr.Shohreh Ghasemi says this surgery should be done when the jawbone is fully grown. According to this, after puberty and basically between the ages of 18 and 25, it is the best possible time to perform maxillofacial surgery. Because the growth of the jaw in this age range has reached the final stage and stopped and will not grow again. Also, face change using jaw surgery should be done in the same age range of 18 to 25 years when the bone maturity has been reached. But if the patient’s jaw has an acute problem, the surgeon will focus on the problem in the patient’s jaw and it is in this situation that the person’s age will no longer matter much.
In general, all surgical procedures that are performed have risks and complications. But in the case of maxillofacial surgery, it should be said that the experience and skill of the surgeon is one of the main and most important factors affecting the amount of complications that occur to a person after the operation. A skilled surgeon must test and verify all the complications of the patient’s jaw and mouth structure before the operation and perform the surgery after the examinations. However, the patient himself should share all his wishes and what he wants from this surgery with the doctor who is going to perform this surgery.
But the main and most important complication that this type of surgery brings with it is the damage to the nerves and the subsequent numbness of the mouth and face. During the surgery, many efforts are made to avoid damaging the nerves of the jaw, but unfortunately, despite these efforts, as soon as the surgery is over, you may feel numbness in some parts of your face, which will disappear over time. Your numbness and tingling will improve.
Infection, jaw stiffness (of course, temporary and up to several months), swelling, bleeding, as well as side effects related to anesthetics and anesthetics are other side effects of jaw surgery. After the jaw surgery and in the first few days, his face is bruised and swollen, which is why it is not possible to observe the changes made properly. As soon as the bruises fade and the facial swelling subsides, the patient can see the changes in his face.
The result of jaw surgery and correcting its problems leads to the following:
• Balance of facial features
• To improve the person’s speech disorders
• Making the person’s chewing process easier and generally improving the function of the person’s teeth
• Increasing self-confidence as well as appearance beauty
• Better breathing and sleep of the patient
As mentioned above, this surgery is mostly performed in collaboration with an orthodontic specialist and a maxillofacial surgeon. Basically, the patient is first treated by an orthodontist before the surgery so that the teeth are in a favorable condition for surgery, and then the surgery is performed by a maxillofacial surgeon. Usually, to prepare for jaw surgery, an orthodontic stage is needed in a period of 9 to 14 months. In addition, after the surgery, an orthodontic course is needed again, which of course is worth mentioning that the course is different for each person.
Jaw surgery is performed in the hospital and after the surgery, the patient must be hospitalized for 1 day and night.
Controlling jaw movements is one of the most important and important measures that must be taken after jaw surgery. In this sense, the jaws basically want to return to their previous state, which should be prevented from happening. This is why orthodontic devices are used. Approximately 6 to 9 months after surgery, these devices are removed from the mouth and replaced with removable plates. Doing this helps to stabilize the condition of the teeth.
After being discharged from the hospital, the patient should take care of himself in order to complete the process. For example, when resting, the head must be above the body. To use the medicines prescribed by the doctor regularly and at a certain time, as well as nutrition after surgery is also a very important issue that must be given a lot of attention. in such a way that they eat soft foods such as mashed potatoes, soup, etc.
But it is worth mentioning that the cost of jaw surgery is determined according to the type of abnormalities in the jaw and mouth of a person. It is also necessary to mention whether the surgery is done for cosmetic or medical reasons, as well as whether this operation is covered by insurance or not.
Well, we hope that with the help of Dr.Shohreh Ghasemi, jaw, mouth, face and skull surgeon, we have been able to introduce you to jaw and face surgery and thank you for providing us with your beautiful eyes 
Dr shohreh Ghasemi
Receive a title of adjunct faculty in Augusta University and head of collaborator in mini orthognatic fellowship in GSO
She is nominated for the VinFuture Prize.